Thursday, 23 November 2023

Old Maps timeline - Dublin with interest in waterways, rivers, canals, bridges, trains, ..

OSM Open-Street-Map overlay collections COOL:

https://www.lbrowncollection.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Dublin-Ireland-4-towns-Gerard-Mercator-1633-2.jpg

The Dublin part of the 4 cities map


1650-1680 TODO ...

1665 Ferry services across liffey granted charter by King Charles II


1680-1684 Royal Hospital Kilmainham built to accomodate former soldiers

https://imma.ie/heritage-trail/royal-hospital/


5 bridges in city centre by 1684 (4 added in 1670 1676 1683 1684) boom time


upstream:
Anna Livia BridgeChapelizod BridgeRoad bridgeLucan Road to Chapelizod Road1753 (Previous structure: 1660s)
city centre:
Rory O'More BridgeVictoria & Albert Bridge, Queen Victoria Bridge, Bloody?Road bridgeWatling Street to Ellis Street1859 (Previous structures: 1670, 1704)
Mellows BridgeMellowes Bridge, Arran Br., Queen's Bridge, Queen Maeve BridgeRoad bridgeQueen Street to Bridgefoot Street1768 (Previous structure: 1683)
OLDEST SURVIVING
Father Mathew BridgeWhitworth Bridge, Dublin Bridge, Old BridgeRoad bridgeChurch Street to Bridge Street Lower1818 (Previous structures: 1014, 1428)
OLDEST
O'Donovan Rossa BridgeRichmond Bridge, Ormond BridgeRoad bridgeChancery Place to Winetavern Street1816 (Previous structure: 1684)
Grattan BridgeEssex BridgeRoad bridgeCapel Street to Parliament Street1874 (Previous structures: 1676, 1755)
    Essex is the lowest/east-most bridge (in 1756)
    connects Capel St to Parliment St (to Dame St. / College Green)
    Essex St itself is in Temple Bar

REF and credit to: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Dublin_bridges_and_tunnels


1714 Moll

Dublin showing Oxmantown, Liffy R., Colledg, St Patricks Well, Castle, City Wall, Greens: Oxmantown, Bowling, St. Stephens 

Beggatroath C. ?  Beggatsoath ? in ruins at this time https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baggotrath_Castle largely destroyed during the siege of Dublin in 1649, on the eve of the Battle of Rathmines.

5 bridges

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxmantown

Vikings - Ostmen


1728 Brooking

https://www.lbrowncollection.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Dublin-Brooking-1728-2.jpg <- WOW, dude.

Including pictures of view to south amd buildings/statues/green/bason.

South is UP.

Did they go up in a balloon to draw the view of the hills to the South ?

Brooking 1728 - Map and Prospect of the city of Dublin

Charles Brooking 1677-1738 active in Plymouth and Ireland maybe created this map, his son painter:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Brooking

Bridges: Essex, Ormond, Old, Arran, Bloody

Arran bridge from Queen St, Bloody Bridge to Watling St.


1753 Chapelizod Bridge is built


1751-1756 Comissioners of Inland Navigations Established - CANALs start

https://archive.waterwaysireland.org/history-of-the-waterways/9/the-history-of-the-grand-canal

1755 survey made to find route for Royal Canal

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Canal

1756 work starts on Grand Canal Scheme

1773 foundation stone of 1st lock laid


1753-5 Essex Bridge RE-built by George Semple 

1751 Semple boasts he can repair Essex bridge. And is comissioned to reconstruct it completely.
He read and consulted and .. read more in "Forest de Bélidor's Architecture hydraulique, ou l'art de conduire (4 vols, Paris, 1737–53), which detailed the use and advantages of coffer dams. These enclosures were pumped dry of water, facilitating the building of solid foundations. The method, then in its infancy, compared to caissons – large enclosed sections of masonry sunk to the river bed – which Labelye used at Westminster. Semple adopted the ‘daring’ (Casey, 31) coffer-dam technique, the first time this method was used in Ireland."

"The bridge, completed (1755) at a cost of £20,661, after two years and eighty days of uninterrupted construction,"

"The foundations remain in use, being retained when the superstructure of Semple's bridge was replaced (1873–4) by Grattan Bridge."


1757 Smock Windmill Tower built off Watling St / Thomas St to power Roe's whiskey distillery

http://builtdublin.com/smock-tower-watling-street-dublin-8/

https://www.buildingsofireland.ie/buildings-search/building/50080329/saint-patricks-tower-thomas-street-watling-street-dublin-8-dublin

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Patricks_Tower

https://peartreecrossing.ie/history/


1757 - St Patrick's Hospital aka "Swift's hospital" is completed

Built by George Semple.

"a hospital for the mentally ill in Dublin, fulfilling the bequest of Jonathan Swift
"Semple acquired (1754) land on Queen St., Oxmantown, Dublin, building a number of houses there, and residing there for the remainder of his life. He built houses on Capel St.", and other places in Dublin and around Ireland.  


1762 Merrion Square is laid out.

1764 Bellin

https://archive.org/details/dr_plan-de-la-ville-de-dublin-6903367 <- PRETTY and GOOD

image
plan de la Ville de Dublin.

Aylmer's BridgeLyons Road - L5064Built in 1782 or 1784, depending on sources. Lies on the border between County Kildare and County Dublin.


1790 Royal Canal under construction

Work on the Royal Canal commenced in May 1790 at Cross Guns Bridge, Phibsborough in a westerly direction towards Ashtown
   Smaller canal 500m to Broadstone 
       - Blacquiere humped back Bridge constructed to carry new North Circular Road over canal.
       - Fosters Aqueduct to take canal over Constitution Hill road
       -  large harbour dug as terminus
1802 Broadstone section of canal started work - service to Newcastle near Enfield

3 pictures:

Foster Aqueduct (view of the city of Dublin)


1791 Grand canal also under construction

John Killaly engineer with the Grand Canal Company and subsequently appointed Chief Engineer to the Director General of Inland Navigation.

1792 Sarah Bridge, now Island Bridge, is built downstream of the old, ruinous structure.

1796 Brunswick wooden bascule bridge over grand canal

Brunswick St. is now Pearse St.
Replaced after a few years by metal version and rebuilt by 1857 as the Victoria Bridge.

1797 - Faden

https://www.lbrowncollection.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/DG031-Dublin-William-Faden-1797.jpg
A plan of the city of Dublin as surveyed for the use of the Division justices to which have been added plans of the CANAL HARBOUR and its JUNCTION with the Grand Canal, the Royal Canal and every projection and Iteration to the Present time 1797.


1802 - In December the Ormonde Bridge was swept away during a severe storm which also damaged Ringsend Bridge(on the Dodder) and Lucan Bridge(upstream on the Liffey).


1804 Corbet map


1804 - Jan - the Dublin Cow Pock Institution was opened on North Cope St (now Talbot St) to focus solely on vaccination for small pox. 

Bridges: 5 - Carlisle(new(ish)), Essex, .. (Ormond bridge is gone), Old Br., Queen's (was Arran), cannot read (was Bloody)

New Plan of the City of Dublin - by W. Corbet, 57 Gt. Britain St. opposite Granby Row - 1804

1807 picture of Liffey facing the Four Courts by Thomas Roberts
I think the ruined bridge is the Ormonde bridge. Old Dublin bridge in background.
A South View on the River Liffey Dublin

1805-1810 Smock Windmill Tower, Watling St. rebuilt, converted to steam soon after

https://libertiesdublin.ie/a-liberties-landmark-st-patricks-tower/

painting of Smock Tower, Watling St.
 by Harry Kernoff in 1933



1810reservoir, the Blessington Basin, is dug from the Royal Canal/Broadstone spur to supply water to the locality.

1810-1811 Watling Street Gatehouse built at Barrack/Bloody Bridge marking start of Military Road
Designed by Francis Johnson architect with Board of Works (also of GPO) calp limestone, Tudor arch.
http://builtdublin.com/richmond-tower-royal-hospital-kilmainham-dublin-8/

Military road goes from Watling St West to Royal Hospital Kilmainham and continues outside hospital wall beside the Liffey to Islandbridge.
Barrack/Bloody Bridge and Watling St. Gatehouse



1811 Gregory map
 
https://www.lbrowncollection.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/DG039-i-Dublin-W-Gregory-1811.jpg 
Bradogue River marked. 
Bridges on Liffey: H?illegible, Queens, Old Bridge, .. (Ormonde/Richmond bridge is gone), Essex, Carlisle

1816 Richmond Bridge built to replace the old Ormonde bridge which had been destroyed
http://www.bridgesofdublin.ie/gallery/view/richmond-bridge-1910

designed by George Halpin

"He modernised Essex (Grattan) Bridge (1808–9) and Arran (Mellowes) Bridge (1816–18) with cast metal features. His new bridges included Richmond (O'Donovan Rossa) Bridge (opened 1816, replacing the flood-damaged Ormonde Bridge) and Whitworth (Father Mathew) Bridge, opened 1818"



1816 Wellington Bridge, now familiar as Dublin’s iconic Ha’penny Bridge, opens. Ha'penny toll charged.
 Wellington not popular as name so it is called locally the Metal Bridge
 Beside ferry at Fownes St. Lower / Bagnio Slip.

1817 Royal canal reaches Shannon river and Broadstone Harbour is major connection to midlands.
Royal Canal Harbour, Broadstone, Dublin

1817 Dublin city, Cadell and Davies

7 bridges: Carlisle, ?Iron(Ha-penny/Liffey/Metal/Wellington), Essex, Richmond(is back), Whitworth(old bridge is renamed), illegible(presume Queens), illegible(Bloody?)
nice colouring, rivers/streams are given blue colour
1817 Dublin city, Cadell and Davies


1818 Whitworth Bridge, now Father Mathew, replaces the Old Bridge of 1428.

designed by George Halpin

"He modernised Essex (Grattan) Bridge (1808–9) and Arran (Mellowes) Bridge (1816–18) with cast metal features. His new bridges included Richmond (O'Donovan Rossa) Bridge (opened 1816, replacing the flood-damaged Ormonde Bridge) and Whitworth (Father Mathew) Bridge, opened 1818"

1819 Bull wall, designed by George Halpin is started


In 1800 George Helpin was made Inspector of Works for the Dublin Ballast Board. 

The first Bull Bridge, a wooden bridge is built to facilitate construction of the stone Bull Wall.
Started in 1820, the wall was completed in 1825.
"Over the succeeding 48 years, the natural tidal effects created by the two sea walls deepened the entry to the Liffey from 1.8 m to 4.8 m. Much of the silt now scoured from the river course was deposited on the North Bull"


"Halpin built new quay walls on the Liffey from Carlisle Bridge (built by James Gandon (qv)) to Custom House Quay and George's Quay. By 1820 he had also rebuilt and enhanced those extending from Carlisle Bridge up to the official westward limit of the port jurisdiction at Bloody Bridge (Rory O'More Bridge), by the junction of Usher's Island and Watling St."

The Ballast Board became responsible for lighthouses in 1810.
 ...  "Dublin lights at Howth Baily (1814) and the reconstructed Poolbeg (1820),"

1819 Byrne map

1820 Bianconi Stage Coach company regular road transport

1828 King’s Bridge, now Sean Heuston, opens to the public.

1830 

https://theirishaesthete.com/tag/royal-canal/ 
Including nice picture of Dublin, from Blaquiere Bridge, Royal Canal

1830(I think) Dublin, from Blaquiere Bridge, Royal Canal



1834 Dublin's first railway from Westland Row to Salthill near Kingstown (now Dun Laoghaire) opens
https://www.thehistorypress.co.uk/articles/10-facts-about-the-first-irish-railway/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dublin_and_Kingstown_Railway


1834 - quay wall improvements - George Halpin

British consultant engineer William Cubitt recommended that the north and south quays of the lower Liffey be enlarged and strengthened to meet the increased volume of shipping. Restricted by cost, Halpin and his son undertook less expensive works, which in 1836 formed timber-piled wharves and embankments at the junction of the East and North Walls. The resulting North Wall Basin became generally known as Halpin's Pond (or Pool), subsequently named Alexandra Basin after Stoney's monumental extension of the Halpin project (1885). 

Halpin added similar wharves (1840–42) at the North Wall, adjacent to the Royal Canal Dock.

1840 - Broadstone

Broadstone harbour, Royal Canal. Also North Dublin Union workhouse, Queen's Inns, Law Library, Fosdter Aqueduct over Constitution Hill, Royal Canal House and Terrace, Palmerstone Terrace, city and/or parish boundary lines junction. 



1845 Tallis map

https://www.lbrowncollection.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Dublin-Tallis-1845.jpg <- GOOD
Tallis map stretching from Richmond Barracks to the West ..
Showing Kingsbridge railway station and GS&WR line heading out West.
The Grand Canal looping South of the city across to Grand canal dock.
Ringsend and the Dodder at the Eastern extent of map.
The Dublin and Kingstown railway line heading from ?__ station on Westland Row out SE ..
The Dublin and Drogheda rail line heading out to NE from Amiens St. station (opened in 1844, initially trains from temporary station on Royal canal)
The MGWR line heading off NW from Broadstone station.


1845 a new railway company The Midland and Great Western Railway Company (MGWR) purchased the entire royal canal and its harbours.  In 1848 they had carved a new train line (left) from Broadstone harbour running north along the western edge of Phibsboro running under the North Circular road. Once this line opened in 1848 carrying a train service from Broadstone to Mullingar the canal could not compete for passenger traffic. 

1850 Neo-Egyptian train station opened at Broadstone

Broadstone name derives from the Norse Steyn (stone bridging) and Gaelic/Irish Bradán(salmon) óg(young) "Bradogue Steyn", due to the Bradogue River crossing the road to Finglas at this location.
 aka Bradoge, Bradok, Glascoynock, the Pole Water, St Michan's Streams, Le Rughdich

Leisute trips for middle classes grow. Possible to visit horse fairs, hunts etc and return on same day. 

1852 canal passenger boats (on Royal and Grand canals) widthdrawn due to competition with railways

1856 Broadstone Railway Station (and Broadstone Harbour)


The Broadstone Station, from tourist handbook by David Bryce

1861 Victoria and Albert Bridge, now Rory O’More, opens to the public.

1872 - New Dublin Quay wall build 

3. New Quay wall 1872-3, 2. old wall ?1800, 1. oldest quay wall 1714, river bed, low water, high water and ancient foreshore level with filling to existing quay level shown

1875 New bridge by Bindon Stoney, later to be named Grattan Br., opens. It replaces the Essex Bridge of 1755. It keeps the foundations of the older bridge by George Semple.

1877 The Liffey Viaduct, a continuation of the railway line from Heuston Station across the Liffey, opens.

1877,78 Broadstone harbour (Royal canal line) partially filled in (access to railway prior to this was via pontoon bridge)

1879 Butt Bridge (1879 - 1929) Dublin City, ...
the first Liffey bridge in Dublin to be built with reinforced concrete, courtesy of Gray's Ferro- Concrete (Ireland) Ltd. Most Easterly bridge.

1880  O’Connell Bridge opens
1891 The Loopline rail Bridge opens.
1919 Ha'penny Bridge toll is abolished


1881 Carlisle Bridge replaced by a wider structure - O'Connell Bridge) by Bindon Blood Stoney 

1885 - Alexandra basin

The North Wall Basin known as Halpin's Pond (or Pool) is greatly extended by Bindon Blood Stoney.
It is subsequently named Alexandra Basin. 

1877-9 Beresford bridge / Butt Bridge

Stoney built a new iron swivel bridge in 1877–9, just west of the Custom House. Named Beresford Bridge, it was later renamed Butt Bridge after Isaac Butt (qv), and replaced by a wider concrete bridge in 1932.

1888 Smock Tower and Roe Distellery c 1888

looking East along Thomas St I think  
Smock Tower and Row whiskey distellery c 1888



1906 rail and tram